In 2008, a review of education, training and employment was conducted on the Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara Lands. Relevant literature, data analyses and conversations with over 200 stakeholders revealed that, as it stands, school-based learning for Anangu is perfectly designed to produce school leavers who, in the main, have very narrow ideas about their capabilities, and limited possibilities for their futures. Radical education reform, coupled with nationally and globally connected leadership development and tough and honest conversations, are all strongly recommended in order to ensure future Anangu graduates have the advanced academic skill sets and aspirations for tackling open-ended futures.