This paper reports on two case studies and a more wide ranging survey of Aboriginal perspectives on feral camels, which formed part of the NHT funded “Cross Jurisdictional Management of feral camels” project managed by the DKCRC. The objectives were to identify differences of perspectives among local groups to enable an effective participatory camel management strategy to be developed and to promote education on camel issues. Drawing on anthropological approaches, this paper explores bases for the diversity of perspectives and addresses Aboriginal perceptions of camels as part of a “transformative relationship” (Toussaint 2008) involving people, camels and environment.